A bírósági perek online nyilvánosságának lehetséges hatásairól

Absztrakt

The court has had several decades to adapt to its role in the public eye and to the public’s oversight, as well as to the impact of this on citizens’ legal awareness. Beyond the formal presence of lay judges and court dockets, this has meant allowing the public into the courtroom, permitting recordings there, and then making court judgments available in an anonymized, partial form, as well as conducting certain aspects of court proceedings online under specific conditions. Starting in 2026, procedural laws (amended by Act XLIX of 2025) and regulations concerning court case management and operations (including the Decree of the Minister of Justice No. 15 of 2025, Dec 10.), will also allow for the public’s online presence. The Hungarian Judges’ Association, the Chamber of Judicial Experts, and the National Council of Judges have issued opinions on the preparations for this, and several scholarly reflections have also been published. Given the concerns and constraints to date, what impact might the still-limited public access and comprehensibility have on the public’s compliance with norms and legal literacy? Beyond its relevance to fundamental rights in the administration of justice, it may also facilitate research into legal language and legal awareness. An international perspective confirms that online public access can serve not only as a constitutional safeguard due to public control over the courts, but can also lead to an increase in deepfake-type abuses and pressure on the courts’ independence.