A Nagymorva Birodalom megjelenítése humanista írók műveiben

Absztrakt

Historiography of the period of humanism, while it focused on the period of ancient history as on the contemporary society, also noticed the history of medieval state formations. On the one hand it did it with a certain reserve, but at the same time in a broader context and often with some reflection, which is also true for the image of Great Moravia. In our analysis we present selected humanist authors — from the Hungarian environment Petrus Ransanus, Antonius Bonfinius, Nicolaus Istvanfi and Petrus de Reva, from the Czech environment Sylvius Aeneas Piccolomini and Johannes Dubravius, from the German environment Johannes Aventinus and finally Inchofer Melchior as the representative of late humanism, or rather the Catholic revival at the beginning of the Baroque era. In many ways different reflections of the Great Moravian period from Hungarian, Czech and German humanist writers recall that the humanists followed, when they were drawing up their works, the interests of the states which they served. A common point, which is intertwined works of all authors is, that the Great Moravia, as it is perceived in terms of dominated territories, was also seen by them „great”, while they avoided directly this attribute in their writings. Another common feature of their interpretations of the Great Moravian history is a consensus on the most significant ruler of Great Moravia — Svatopluk, even if subsequently they were unable to agree neither on the transcription of his name, though they borrowed from each other. However, most of these surveyed humanists implicitly interpreted their ideal of ruler. The importance of humanistic reflection of the image of Great Moravia underlines the fact, that at the time of dawning of the Baroque age, when the Slovak national self-awareness were waking, in which the Great Moravian tradition played an important role, our humanists are the mediators of this tradition and also the main sources of arguments.