Fiume bíróságai az Osztrák-Magyar Monarchia időszakában

Absztrakt

The present paper contains a summary on the courts and jurisdiction of Rijeka (Fiume) during the so-called public law provision – between 1871 and 1918. In the decades of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy Rijeka had a special status both legally and commercially hence it was a kind of town enclave inserted into the territory of Croatia, a region with autonomy within the state of the Hungarian Realm. The special status of the town was expressed not only by the public administration but by the jurisdiction, too, with a royal tribunal (tribunale) and a not irrespective court (pretura) being similar to district courts in other regions of Hungary. The administration of jurisdictional organs as well as the procedural rules were partly different from the common institutions used at other Hungarian royal courts, but they were integrated in the same system of courts on second instance as legal remedy was possible by an ordinary procedure at the Court of Appeal in Budapest. The Hungarian legal system had a special solution to regulate the law in Rijeka, implemented by the state government, therefore a blended system was developed with the combination of mostly Hungarian, partly Austrian, Croatian and Italian legal norms and traditions. The business language was Italian at the court. This extraordinary condition began to change in the 1880s but finally remained characteristic in the entire period under discussion in the article.