Case Studies on Waste Management in Countries Around the World

Abstract

Countries around the world face different challenges in the management of municipal solid waste. To reduce the amount of waste generated each year, the introduction of a circular economy could be a possible solution. However, different approaches can be observed in countries with various situations and different levels of economic development. The study presents and assesses the countries in terms of waste management based on 7 case studies. Cases from countries with higher economic development (Italy, Finland, South Korea) to countries with low economic development (Brazil, Africa) are examined. We found good practices, such as the city of São Tomé, where the local community organised its own waste management. We have also assessed a case where the circular economy is reflected in policy making, but where its implementation is more questionable. What can be said everywhere, however, is that community cohesion and consumer awareness is a key point of progress. In addition, the involvement of local authorities and organisational cooperation are essential for effective and successful waste management.