Hagyományos szántóföldi kultúrák és lágyszárú energianövények jövedelmezőségének és hatékonyságának elemzése

Abstract

Hungary today has about 4.2–4.5 million hectares under arable crop production; at the same time there are hundreds of thousands of hectares of arable land where profitable production of the traditional arable crops can only be achieved with difficulty, even under the current scheme. On these fields of low productive capacity, however, woody and herbaceous energy crops (in waterlogged areas, the willows; in areas with low water tables, the poplar, the acacia, Miscanthus (Chinese reed); and in dry areas, energy grass, the Italian reed (Arundo D.) and giant Silphium perfoliatum (Silphium)) can be profitably grown. In addition to the traditional field crops in the less productive soil areas it is thus worth planting woody and herbaceous energy crops. However, the plants’ energetic production cycle is longer than that of arable crops, but is advantageous in the sense that due to long-term supply contracts, energy crops can be a predictable and stable source of finance, which, given the ever-changing market conditions, inclement weather and the expected decline in EU agricultural assistance will become increasingly important for farmers. In my material, in addition to traditional arable crops I compare herbaceous energy crops in terms of economy over a 12-year period.