The effect of early attachment on mate choice

Main Article Content

Renáta Kovács-Berta

Abstract

In my research, I investigated the factors that influence adult mate choice preferences and the basis on which people choose a partner. I will present attachment and attraction theories that may affect courtship romantic relationships. One dominant attachment theory suggests that parental parenting style in childhood influences later mate choice preference, i.e., individuals prefer a partner who is similar to their opposite-sex parent if they experienced emotional warmth from them in childhood. The completed questionnaire package was made available via an online interface. The 58 adult couples who participated had an average age of M = 34.87 years and an average relationship length of M = 7.5 years. In my research I used the Relationship Satisfaction Scale (RAS-H), the Experiences of Direct Relationships Questionnaire (ECR), and the Parenting Attitude Questionnaire (s-EMBU). The results suggested that although a link between parenting style and relationship attachment was not clearly demonstrated, it did not determine the level of relationship satisfaction. Since relationship choices and preferences are based on multiple mechanisms, it is not possible to say that only parenting style is responsible for this.

Article Details

How to Cite
Kovács-Berta, R. (2022). The effect of early attachment on mate choice. Módszertani Közlemények, 62(3), 24–42. https://doi.org/10.14232/modszertani.2022.3.24-42
Section
Tanulmányok

References

Ainsworth, M. D. S., Blehar, M. C., Waters, E. és Wall, S. (1978): Patterns of attachment: A psychological study of the strange situation. NJ: Erlbaum, Hillsdale.

Arrindell, W. A., Gerlsma, C., Vandereycken, W., Hageman, W. J. J. M. és Daeseleire, T. (1988): Convergent validity of the dimensions underlying the parential bonding instrument (PBI) and the EMBU. Personality and Individual Differences, 24. 3. sz. 341−350.

Arrindell, W. A., Sanavio, E., Aguilar, G., Sica, C., Hatzichristou, C., Eisemann, M., Recinos, L. A., Gaszner, P., Peter, M., Battagliese, G., Kállai, J., és van der Ende, J. (1999): The development of a short form of the EMBU: Its appraisal with students in Greece, Guatemala, Hungary and Italy. Personality and Individual Differences, 27. 4. sz. 613−628.

Bagdy Emőke (2002): Párkapcsolatok dinamikája. Animula Kiadó, Budapest.

Bartholomew, K. és Horowitz, L. M. (1991): Attachment Styles among young adults: A test of a four-category model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61. 2. sz. 226−244.

Bateson, P.P.G. (1983): Optimal outbreeding. In: Bateson, P.P.G. (Ed.): Mate Choice. Cambridge Univerity Press, Cambridge. 257−277.

Belsky, J., Steiberg, L. és Draper, P. (1991): Childhood experience, interpersonal development, and reproductive strategy: An evolutionary theory of socialization. Child Development, 62. 647−670.

Bereczkei Tamás és Csanaky András (2001): Stressful family environment, mortality, and child socialisation: Life-history strategies among adolescents and adults from unfavourable social circumstances. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 25. 6. sz. 501−508.

Bereczkei Tamás, Gyuris Petra, Köves Panna és Bernáth László (2003): Homogámia, genetikai hasonlóság, imprinting. A szülői modellek szerepe a párválasztási preferenciák kialakulásában. Magyar Pszichológiai Szemle, 58. 4. sz. 473−494.

Bereczkey Tamás és Csanaky András (1996): Mate choice, marital success, and reproduction in a modern society. Ethology and Sociobiology, 17. 23–45.

Bolhius, J. J. és Horn, G. (1992): Generalization of learned preferences in filial imprinting. Animal Behavior, 44. 185−187.

Bolhius, J. J. és Bateson, P. (1990): The importance of being frost: a primary effect in filial imprinting. Animal Behavior, 40. 472−483.

Bowlby, J. (1969): Attachment and loss: Vol. 1. Attachment. Basic Books, New York.

Bowlby, J. (1973): Attachment and loss: Vol. 2. Separation: Anxiety and anger. Basic Books, New York.

Bowlby, J. (2009): A biztos bázis. A kötődés-elmélet klinikai alkalmazásai. Animula Kiadó, Budapest.

Campbell, L., Lackenbauer, S. D. és Muise, A. (2006): When is being known or adored by romantic partners most beneficial? Self-perceptions, relationship length, and responses to partner’s verifying and enhancing appraisals. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 32. 1283–1294.

Debruine, L. M. (2002): Facial resemblance enhances trust. Proceedings of Royal Society, 269.1307–1312.

Dion, K. K. és Dion, K. L. (1985): Personality, gender, and the phenomenoiogy of romantic love. In: P. Shaver (Ed.): Review of personality and social psychology. (Vol. 6).Sage, Beverly Hills. 209−239.

Dryer, D. C. és Horowith, L. M. (1997): When do opposites attract? Interpersonal complementarity versus similarity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72. 3. sz. 592−603.

Figueredo, A. J., Sefcek, J. A. és Jones, D. N. (2006): The ideal romantic partner personality. Personality and Individual Differences, 41. 431−441.

Griffin, D. and Bartholomew, K. (1994): Models of the self and other: Fundamental dimensions underlying measures of adult attachment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67. 3. sz. 430−445.

Gyuris Petra és Bereczkei Tamás (2004): Párválasztás és gyermekkori bevésődés: vizsgálatok örökbe fogadott gyermekekkel. In: László János, Kállai János és Bereczkei Tamás (szerk.): A reprezentáció szintjei. Gondolat Kiadó, Budapest. 261−274.

Gyuris Petra, Bereczkei Tamás és Járai Róbert (2010): Személyiségvonások a párválasztásban: homogámia és/vagy szexuális imprinting. Magyar Pszichológiai Szemle, 65. 1. sz. 117−132.

Hassebrauck, M. (1991): ZIP — A scale for assessment of satisfaction in close relationship. Zeitschrift Fur Sozialpsychologie, 22. 4. sz. 256−259.

Hatfield, E. (1984): The dangers of intimacy. In: V. J. Derlega (Ed.): Communication, intimacy, and close relationships. Academic Press, New York. 207−220.

Hazan, C. és Shaver, P. R. (1987): Romantic love conceptualized as an attachment process. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52. 2. sz. 511−524.

Hindy, C. G. és Schwarz, J. C. (1985): „Lovesickness” in dating relationships: An attachment perspective. Paper presented at the annual convention of the American Psychological Association, Los Angeles.

Kim, K. és Smith, P.K. (1998): Retrospective survey of parental marital relations and child development. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 22. 729−751.

Martos Tamás, Sallay Viola, Szabó Tünde, Lakatos Csilla és Tóth-Vajna Rita (2014): A Kapcsolati Elégedettség Skála magyar változatának (RAS-H) pszichometriai jellemzői. Mentálhigiéné és Pszichoszomatika, 15. 3. sz. 245−258.

Nagy Anikó, Molnár Judit, Balázs Katalin és Vágyi Petra (2013): A szülői bánásmód hatása a párválasztásra a séma-fókusz elmélet tükrében. Magyar Pszichológiai Szemle, 68. 4. sz. 713−735.

Nagy László (2005): A felnőtt kötődés mérésének új lehetősége: a Közvetlen Kapcsolatok Élményei kérdőív. Pszichológia, 25. 3. sz. 223−245.

Nowicki, S. Jr. és Manheim, S. (1991): Interpersonal complementarity and time of interaction in female relationships. Journal of Research in Personality, 25. 322−333.

Ricks, M. (1985): The social transmission of parental behavior: Attachment across generations. In: I. Bretherton és E. Waters (Eds.): Growing points in attachment theory and research, Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 50. 211−230.

Rubin, Z. (1973): Liking and loving: An invitation to social psychology. Holt, Rinehart & Winston, New York.

Rutter, M. (1988): Functions and consequences of relationships: Some psychopathological considerations. In: R. A. Hinde és J. Stevenson Hinde (Eds.): Relationships within families. Clarendon Press, Oxford.

Sternberg R. J. (1986): A triangular theory of love. Psychological Review, 93. 119−135.

Tennov, D. (1979): Love and limerence: The experience of being in love. Stein & Day, New York.

Weöres Sándor (1970): A teljesség felé. Magvető Kiadó, Budapest.

Wiszewska, A., Pawlowski, B. és Boothroyd, L. G. (2007): Father-daughter relationship as a moderator of sexual imprinting: a facialmetric study. Evolution and Human Behavior, 28. 248−252