Improvement of Creative Problem-Solving in Preschool Education

Abstract

Our world is constantly changing, to which education must respond. In the 21st century, preparing students to solve common test types is not enough, since problems that cannot be solved using the available tools and formulas are accumulating in every area of our life. Complex, real life problems that occur in everyday life can be solved through multiple, alternative paths, among which the most elegant solutions can be revealed through creative problem solving. Hungarian and international literature is increasingly focusing on the possibilities of developing creative problem-solving skills in preschool education. Encountering real life problems and improvement through free play are integrated into the preschool scope of activities. The framework regulation of Hungarian preschool education facilitates innovations, while new programs based on child-centred principles may enrich the education tailored to current needs. Creating an optimal environment for skill improvement is the task of teachers, however, a change of mindset and the redefining educational objectives are essential for innovative methodological improvements. This paper aims to provide an overview of the typical approaches to the concepts of creative problem solving as well as related preschool research with innovative potential. In recent literature, examples were sought that provide a basis for stimulating preschool problem-solving activities, designing and implementing complex problem situations, social cooperation, and the process of creative activities. Finally, from international initiatives, problem-centric methodologies were collected which had already proven effective in developing children of this age group.